Training and Training Renewal
Requirements
for
selected programs
T.R. Consulting,
Inc.
February 2004 Safety Article
Written
and compiled by:
Tony
Rieck
Copyright 2004 T.R. Consulting, Inc.
http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/
T.R. Consulting, Inc.
regularly publishes safety and environmentally related articles on our website
at
http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/archive.html. These articles are a free service provided by
T.R. Consulting, Inc. to all interested parties in order to promote safety and
environmental awareness. T.R.
Consulting, Inc. also
provides safety training information and services. Information about our safety
training programs can be accessed at http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/.
Note: T.R. Consulting,
Inc. presents the information contained in this article as an aid in
understanding of the subject matter. Referenced standards must be read and
thoroughly understood in order to assure compliance with the standard. T.R.
Consulting, Inc. attempts to provide accurate information, but makes no
warranty with regard to either the completeness or accuracy of the information
contained herein.
This article is
intended to provide clarification as to the requirements for initial and
renewal of several common types of training required of construction and
service companies that work in proximity to chemical hazards. Because regulations are subject to change and
interpretation, the following information can be considered current only at the
time of first issuance.
Confined Spaces
Confined spaces
training is required for all workers potentially exposed to confined space
hazards. This would include employees
whose work includes
work within confined spaces and others that work in areas where confined spaces
can be found. Certainly, the level of
training required to make a confined space safe for entry or perform work
within a confined space that may still contain atmospheric hazards is greater
than that required to alert employees of the existence of confined spaces in
their workplace and assure that those employees do not enter confined spaces
without authorization from a qualified individual. In the former situation, the level of
confined space training provided under a HAZWOPER training program would be
insufficient to assure employee safety.
In the latter situation, HAZCOM training requirements may be capable of
meeting the training needs of those employees.
OSHA’s confined space regulations are contained at
29 CFR Part 1910.146. The training
requirements contained therein do not specify a frequency of training, only
that adequate training be provided prior to assignment
to confined space entry operations.
Unlike many construction activities that require retraining only when
the employee provides some indication that more training is necessary (such as
a near accident, being observed not following proper procedures, etc.), the
failure to follow appropriate procedures in confined space entry can readily
result in bodily harm or death and the risk of waiting until some deficiency is
noted will place the employee at an unacceptable risk level. Thus, the most common standard in industries
where confined space work is routinely performed is to require annual
recertification of employees. In effect,
this means that any employer who has an accident where confined space work was
being performed has a substantial risk of liability if employees have not
received confined space training in the past year.
T.R. Consulting,
Inc. has recognized the varying level of need in the degree of confined space
training required by our clients and has developed a three-tiered approach to
confined space training to properly address those needs. The training levels are:
Confined Space Entry Training - this training is intended to thoroughly
cover the roles and responsibilities of entrants, attendants and confined space
entry supervisors for employees performing work involving the entry into
confined spaces. Included are sample
procedures for declassification of confined spaces, entry permit form
requirements, monitoring requirements, requirements for specialized safety
equipment, and information about the most common hazards associated with
confined space entry. This program
utilizes exercises, a flow chart diagram, text, accident reviews and a final
test to provide the information necessary for employees to understand the
hazards and the steps that may be taken to control or eliminate those
hazards. This training is suitable for
those employees that work as part of a confined space entry team. To access the
T.R. Consulting, Inc. confined space training page go to: http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/confspac/confspac.html
Confined Space Awareness/Refresher Training - this training focuses on the hazards posed
by confined spaces and the need to control access to confined spaces to those
who are authorized, properly equipped, and properly trained to perform
entry. The same concepts and controls
are examined as in the confined space entry training (above), but exercises to
reinforce the concepts are omitted. This
training is suitable for employees that work in areas where confined spaces are
present but are unauthorized to enter these confined spaces. Additionally, some employers may find this
level of training suitable for refresher training for those employees who have
completed an in-depth confined space course previously and merely need to
update or refresh that initial training.
To access the T.R. Consulting, Inc. confined space awareness/refresher
training page go to: http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/confspac/csaware.html
Confined Space Rescue - this training is provided at the employers facility and entails a full day of hands on and
classroom activities designed to assure the ability of employees to respond
appropriately to an emergency situation in a confined space workplace.
HAZCOM
The employer is
required to provide training in the hazards associated with exposure to
chemicals found in the workplace.
Employees potentially exposed to these chemicals must be provided with
information about the hazards of exposure, steps that can be taken to control
exposure and steps that need to be taken if an exposure occurs. HAZCOM also covers requirements for labeling
and shipping. A complete article
addressing all of the HAZCOM requirements can be found at http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/mar2002.html
HAZWOPER
HAZWOPER training
requirements can be found at 29 CFR Part 1910.120. This training is required for employees that
are potentially overexposed to chemicals as a part of clean-up operations at a
site (broadly defined as a site where chemical wastes or residues are handled
with the intent of making the site safer), at TSD facilities (treatment, storage
and disposal) and for members of HAZMAT teams.
HAZWOPER training consists of three components: initial classroom training, initial field
supervision, and annual refresher training.
In order to initially qualify for work at sites requiring HAZWOPER training,
the employees most recent HAZWOPER training must not
have taken place more than one year prior to the work on site. When a worker fails to refresh their
training, there is no standard answer for the amount of training that must be
undertaken in order to requalify. In most instances, merely completing a
refresher course is sufficient and acceptable.
However, if the lapse of training extends more than a couple of years,
additional training may be required. To
view an article detailing OSHA's interpretations
regarding lapsed training go to http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/apr2002.html. The following paragraphs outline the HAZWOPER
training requirements for clean-up operations.
Initial HAZWOPER Training - prior to assignment on sites requiring
HAZWOPER training, employees must receive either 40 hours or 24 hours of
classroom training, depending upon the degree of expected exposure and the
tasks to be performed. When the employee
will only be on sites that have been characterized by a qualified person, will
be performing specific, limited tasks, and will not be overexposed or be
required to use a respirator, 24 hours of classroom training is deemed
adequate. For all others, 40 hours of
classroom training is required. 24 hour
HAZWOPER training is provided both in person and on-line at
http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/24hrhaz/24hrhaz.html. OSHA has distributed interpretations that
question the ability of a provider to provide 40 hour HAZWOPER training
on-line. To address those concerns, T.R.
Consulting, Inc. provides both traditional courses and a combination course
where 24 hours of training is taken on-line and 16 hours of training is
provided in a traditional classroom. To
access the T.R. Consulting, Inc. HAZWOPER 24 + 16 hour training page go to: http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/haz24_16/haz24_16.html
Qualified Field Supervision - for those completing 40 hours of classroom
training, an additional 24 hours of field supervision under a qualified person
is required to round out the initial training requirements. For those completing 24 hours of classroom
training, an additional 8 hours of field supervision under a qualified person
is required to round out the initial training requirements.
Supplemental HAZWOPER Training - OSHA specifically states that those
employees receiving 24 hours of initial HAZWOPER training can receive an
additional 16 hours of training and an additional 16 hours of qualified field
supervision to meet the 40 hour training requirements. T.R. Consulting, Inc. now offers the
classroom portion of this training on-line for those employees who received 24
hours of traditional classroom training (not on-line) previously
. To access the T.R. Consulting, Inc. HAZWOPER Supplement training page
go to: http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/haz16/haz16.html. We also offer this supplement in traditional
classroom programs.
HAZWOPER Supervisor - on-site management and supervisors of
crews performing work at sites requiring HAZWOPER training are required to
complete an additional 8 hours of training beyond the standard HAZWOPER
training requirements. This training is
intended to assure that the supervisor/manager is aware of the contents of
safety and health programs, standard operating procedures, standard safety
procedures, etc. issued by the employer, including the minimum requirements for
these documents so that deficiencies can be corrected. This employee is viewed by OSHA as
representing the interests of the employer and, therefore, needs to be acutely
aware of the employer's responsibilities.
T.R. Consulting, Inc. offers both traditional classroom and on-line
HAZWOPER supervisor training. To access
the T.R. Consulting, Inc. HAZWOPER Supervisor training page go to: http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/supervis/supervis.html. There are no annual renewal requirements to
the supervisor training so long as the initial HAZWOPER training (a
prerequisite for supervisor training) is refreshed annually as described below.
HAZWOPER Refresher Training - this annual 8 hour course is intended to
"reawaken" the safety information within employees. The required topics are a summarized approach
to the same topics as those provided during initial training plus a review of
any incidents (accidents, near accidents, etc) that have occurred in the past
year. T.R. Consulting, Inc. offers both
traditional classroom and on-line versions of this training. To access the T.R. Consulting, Inc. HAZWOPER
Refresher training page go to: http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/hazwop8/hazwop8.html.
SOME
OTHER TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
HEARING CONSERVATION - for employers meeting the requirements for
implementation of a hearing conservation program, annual retraining of
employees is required. For more information go to http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/safety/oct2002.html.
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS - Annual retraining is required as a part of
a bloodborne pathogen control program. To view a power point presentation on bloodborne pathogens go to: http://www.trconsultinggroup.com/ppt/bldborne.ppt.
GENERAL CONSTRUCTION SAFETY - this training is commonly obtained as a
part of the OSHA Outreach Programs for 10 hour and 30 hour Construction Safety
Course, but the employer may choose to have qualified training provided to
employees only in the areas applicable to the employees work exposure (i.e. for
employees that do not work on or around scaffolding, scaffolding training would
not be required). OSHA 10 and 30 hour
courses typically provide training in scaffold use, ladder safety, fire safety,
electrical safety, material handling, working around cranes and lift equipment,
fall protection, etc. Many general
contractors are now requiring 30 hour training certificates with the 10 hour
course used as a refresher once every two years. The construction standard (OSHA) requires
retraining whenever the equipment used changes, whenever the type of work
changes, and whenever an employee exhibits a need for retraining (accident,
near accident, not following procedures, etc.).
LIFT EQUIPMENT OPERATION - operators of fork lifts and similar
equipment must be trained by a qualified individual prior to operating the
equipment and observed to assure safe operation of equipment during training by
a qualified individual. If the employee
exhibits the need for retraining (reckless operation, improper loading, etc) or
the employee is assigned to new equipment, additional training is required.